Faculty Co-Director Stephen Holmes and co-author Diego Gambetta explain the factors behind Europe’s swift and unified reaction to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, including fear of Russia’s nuclear saber-rattling, anger at the unprovoked attack, and familiarity with emergency response measures in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Faculty Co-Director Stephen Holmes and co-author Diego Gambetta explain the factors behind Europe’s swift and unified reaction to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, including fear of Russia’s nuclear saber-rattling, anger at the unprovoked attack, and familiarity with emergency response measures in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.